Hepatite ni iki?

Hepatite ni indwara itera umwijima kubyimba. Ishobora kwibasira umwijima gusa cg se ikaba yatera izindi ndwara nko; kuzana udusebe no gucika k’umwijima (fibrosis), cirrhosis na kanseri y’umwijima.

Hepatite iterwa n’iki?

Iboneka kenshi ni iterwa na virusi, ibindi bishobora gutera hepatite ni; nka infection, uburozi butandukanye (imiti imwe n’imwe, kunywa inzoga nyinshi, tatouage, n’ibindi) cg ubwirinzi bw’umubiri bwirwanya ubwawo kimwe n’izindi ndwara zangiza abasirikare b’umubiri nka SIDA.

Ese hepatite ziratandukanye?

Kugeza ubu hazwi ubwoko 5, aribwo; A, B, C, D na E.

B na C nizo zizahaza abantu benshi kuko zitera izindi ndwara z’igikatu nka kanseri na cirrhosis.

A na E zo ziterwa no kurya ibiryo cg amazi byanduye.

B, C na D nizo zishobora kwandura binyuze mu matembabuzi cg amaraso y’umuntu wanduye.

Hepatite yandura ite?

Iyi ndwara yandura bitandukanye:

Virus ya hepatite A (HAV)

Izi virusi ziboneka mu mabyi y’umuntu uyirwaye, zikwirakwira binyuze mu kunywa amazi cg ibiryo byanduye ndetse n’imibonano mpuzabitsina (bivugwa ko uburyo busanzwe bukoreshwa mu gukingira izindi ndwara zandurira mu mibonano nk’agakingirizo budakora kuri ubu bwoko bwa A). Virusi ya A ntikaganye n’ibimenyetso byayo benshi barakira nyuma y’igihe gito banduye, gusa rimwe na rimwe, ishobora kumerera nabi uyirwaye. HAV ikunda kurwara abantu baba ahantu hari isuku nke. Gufata urukingo rwayo nibwo buryo bwo kuyirwanya no kuyirinda.

Virus ya hepatite B (HBV)

HBV yandura binyuze mu maraso cg andi matembabuzi y’uwanduye; ishobora kwanduzwa umwana ku mubyeyi igihe abyara cg undi wese uyirwaye akanduza umwana igihe akiri muto. Ishobora kandi kwanduzwa igihe uhabwa amaraso kwa muganga, kwijomba ibintu bitobora umubiri; nk’igihe uhabwa imiti mu mutsi. HBV yandurira byoroshye mu mibonano mpuzabitsina; ku bantu bahuza ibitsina n’abantu batandukanye cg se baryamana n’uyirwaye. Urukingo ruyirinda ruraboneka.

Virus ya hepatite C (HCV)

HCV yandura mu gihe uhuye n’amaraso cg andi matembabuzi yanduye, ibi bishobora kuba mu gihe uri guhabwa amaraso, uri guterwa imiti cg ibindi bikoresho byanduye. HCV ishobora kwandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina nubwo atari kenshi biba; kugira indwara yandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina cg SIDA, kuryamana n’abantu batandukanye biri mu bishobora kukongerera ibyago byo kwandura ubu bwoko. Kugeza ubu nta rukingo ruhari.

Virus ya hepatite D (HDV)

HDV yo ntushobora kuyirwara, mu gihe utarandura B. Iyo HDV na HBV ziguhuriyeho bishobora kuba ikibazo gikomeye cyane cyakuviramo no kubura ubuzima. Iyo uhawe urukingo rwa B, biba bikurinze na D.

Virus ya hepatite E (HEV)

Yandurira cyane cyane mu mazi n’ibiryo byanduye. HEV iza kwisonga mu ziboneka mu bihugu bikiri mu nzira y’amajyambere. Urukingo rurahari ariko ntirukunda gukoreshwa cyane kuko rutaboneka henshi.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bya hepatite?

Iyi ndwara hari abayigira ntigaragaze ibimenyetso, cg ukaba wakwitiranya ibimenyetso biza mbere nk’iby’ibicurane kuko bigira ibimenyetso bijya gusa.

Bimwe mu bimenyetso rusange:

• Kubura ubushake bwo kurya
• Umunaniro udasanzwe
• Umuriro ariko udakabije
• Kuribwa mu nda
• Iseseme no kuruka

Kuri bamwe hiyongeraho:

• Inkari zijimye
• Kuvira imbere
• Guhinduka umuhondo ku ruhu n’amaso
• Kwituma ibyeruruka
• Guta ubwenge, kumva uzungera, cg kugwa muri coma he
• Kumva utonekara uruhu

Ese hepatite iravurwa igakira?

Ni ngombwa kujya kwa muganga igihe ugaragaza ibimenyetso cg ukeka ko ufite iyi ndwara, ukaba wakangurira nundi uzi igihe cyose ubonye bimwe mu bimenyetso.

Kimwe n’izindi ndwara ziterwa na virusi, ntivurwa ngo ikire, gusa hari imiti itangwa igabanya ubukana bwayo.

Src: umutihealth