Ibishyimbo ni bimwe mu biribwa by’ingenzi biboneka hose, bibamo ubwoko butandukanye; harimo iby’umweru, umukara ndetse n’ibitukura. Ni isoko y’intungamubiri nyinshi kandi z’ingenzi, bikaba isoko ikomeye ya protein umubiri ukenera.
Ni bimwe mu biribwa bikomoka ku bihingwa bikungahaye kuri proteyine cyane, nubwo proteyine zibonekamo ari nke ugereranyije n’iziboneka ku bikomoka ku matungo. Rimwe na rimwe ibishyimbo bihabwa akabyiniriro k “inyama z’abakene”.
Akamaro k’ibishyimbo ku mubiri
Ibishyimbo iyo bitetswe neza bigira akamaro gatandukanye ku buzima:
1. Kurya ibishyimbo bigabanya ibyago byo kurwara indwara z’umutima. Kubera acide na manyesiyumu bikungahayeho birinda indwara z’umutima. Folic acid/acide folique (cg folates) igabanya urugero rwa homocysteine; ni ubwoko bwa acide amine zitari proteyine, ibipimo biri hejuru byayo mu maraso biri mu bitera indwara z’umutima, stroke kimwe n’izibasira udutsi duto dutwara amaraso ku mutima.
2. Kurya ibishyimbo bifasha kutarwara kanseri y’amara. ibishyimbo Bikungahaye cyane ku ntungamubiri na fibres zifasha umubiri kwirinda uburozi butera kanseri, twavuga nka alpha-galactosides zifasha bagiteri zifitiye umumaro kororoka mu mara zikora za aside zituma arushaho gukora neza.
3. Kurya bishyimbo bigufasha kuringaniza neza isukari mu maraso. Isukari nyinshi mu maraso, ishobora gutera indwara zikomeye z’umutima na diabete. ibishyimbo bigenda bisohora agasukari gacye gacye, bigatuma biba ingenzi mu kuringaniza isukari mu maraso nyuma yo kurya.
4. Ibishyimbo birimo fibres z’ingenzi cyane zifasha mu kugabanya cholesterol. ibi kandi bifasha mu kurinda ko igipimo cy’isukari cyakwiyongera cyane nyuma yo kurya, niyo mpamvu byagakwiye kuba ifunguro ry’ingenzi ku barwaye diyabete, abafite ikibazo cy’ubwinangire ku musemburo wa insuline (insulin resistance) ndetse na hypoglycémie.
Ibishyimbo iyo ubiryanye n’umuceri wuzuye (whole grains rice) ni ifunguro rizira ibinure ririmo proteyine nyinshi, rishobora gufasha abifuza guta ibiro cg kugabanya ibinure.
Twabonye kandi ko bikize ku myunyungugu nka molybdenum, enzyme z’ingenzi mu gusukura no gusohora uburozi buba bwinjiye mu mubiri.
5. Ifunguro ry’ingenzi cyane ku bagore batwite n’abonsa. Abagore batwite bakenera ubutare folic acide bw’inyongera, ibi byose biboneka mu bishyimbo. icyo birusha inyama zitukura nazo zibonekamo ubutare ni uko, byo bifite calories nke kandi ntibigire ibinure. Ibi kandi bifitiye akamaro abari n’abategarugori bari mu mihango, kuko baba bakeneye kongera ubutare mu mubiri.
Nubwo ibishyimbo birimo intungamubiri nyinshi, mu gihe bitetswe nabi cg bidahiye bishobora kubera uburozi umubiri.
Hari ababirya bikabatera gutumba no kumva mu nda ibintu byigaragura. Birimo fibres zitayenga mu mazi zizwi nka alpha galactoses, zishobora gutera diyare no gutumba ku bantu bamwe na bamwe.
Nubwo bwose bifite akamaro kanini, ariko hari na bimwe mu bibigize by’uburozi ku mubiri, hari proteyine yo mu bwoko bwa lectin yitwa phytohaemagglutinin iboneka cyane mu by’ubwoko butukura, gusa ishobora kuvanwamo no guteka ibishyimbo bigashya neza, mbere yo kubiteka byaba byiza ubanje kubitumbika mu mazi, nuko nyuma y’isaha 1, ukabyoza neza ukabiteka.
